妊娠中には魚を食べて頭の良い子を産もう？

Eating More Fish During Pregnancy Benefits Child Development

妊娠中により多くの魚摂取子供の脳発達に有益

US and British scientists have shown that children whose mothers ate fish several times a week while they were pregnant were more likely to have higher scores in tests of mental and social ability.

米国および英国の科学者は妊娠中に週に何回か魚を摂取した母親の子供は精神的および社会的能力テストで高い得点を得ることが多かったことを示した。

The study is published in The Lancet.

この研究は雑誌ランセットに発表された。

The scientists sent questionnaires periodically to 11,875 pregnant women in Bristol, England who were part of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and whose babies were expected to be born between April 1991 and December 1992.

科学者は周期的に英国、ブリストルの11,875人の妊婦に質問を送付した。妊婦はthe Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)の一員で妊婦の乳児が1991年4月から1992年12月の.の間で生まれることになっていた。

The mothers were asked questions about their diet during pregnancy and about their children's mental and social development up to the age of 8.

母親は、妊娠中の食事および8歳まで子供の精神的発達と社会的発達について質問された。

The researchers noted that "children of mothers who ate small amounts of seafood were more likely to have suboptimum neurodevelopmental outcomes than children of mothers who ate more seafood".

「少量シーフードを摂食した母親の小児は、より多くのシーフードを摂食した母親の小児より神経発育結果は以下であることが多いようであった。」と研究者は述べた。

suboptimum 次善の
neurodevelopmental ：神経発達｛しんけい はったつ｝の

Using multivariable logistic regression analysis the researchers compared the children's developmental, behavioural and cognitive scores against their mothers' seafood consumption in pregnancy. The mothers' sea food consumption was in three categories: no seafood consumed, some seafood consumed (up to 340 g per week), and seafood consumption exceeding 340 g per week.

多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を使用して、研究者は、妊娠中母親のシーフード摂取量たいして小児の発達、行動および認知のスコアを比較した。母親のシーフード摂取は3つのカテゴリーであった：シーフード摂取なし、一部シーフード摂取（週に最高340gまで）、および週にシーフード340g以上。

multivariable logistic regression analysis ：多変量ロジスティック回帰分析

The analysis took into account and eliminated 28 other factors or confounders that might have had an impact, such as social disadvantage and dietary habits.

分析は考慮して、社会的不利および食習慣など影響を与えたかもしれない28の他の要因または統計の交絡因子を排除した。

confounder ：《統計》交絡因子

The results showed that where mothers had consumed less than 340 g a week, this was linked to a significant increased likelihood that their children would be in the bottom 25 per cent of verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) at age of 8, and to have "suboptimum performace" on developmental and social behaviour tests. This was in comparison to children whose mothers ate more than 340 g of seafood a week.

結果は、母親が週に340g未満を摂取した場合には、このことは母親の子供が8才で言語知能指数の最低25%である顕著な可能性増大と関連していて、発達テストおよび社会行動テストたいして次善のパフォーマンスであった。これは、週にシーフードを340g以上摂取した母親の子供との比較であった。

The study was led by Dr Joseph Hibbeln of the US National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. He said that "For the baby's development, at the level of 12 ounces (340 g) a week during pregnancy, the beneficial effects of the nutrients in fish far outweigh the risk."

340 g a week (about 12 ounces, equivalent to three servings) is the most seafood a pregnant woman is advised to eat in the US because of risks associated with toxic elements such as mercury. This is the advice of the Food and Drug Adminstration (FDA) and the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA).

The EPA and the FDA are aware of the study and say they have no plans to change their advice at this stage.

The researchers said they had problems finding a large group of American women who ate fish several times a week which is why they used the English cohort.

While the study did not look into the reason why maternal fish eating might confer advantages to the child's development, the researchers speculated that it might be due to the high levels of omega-3 fatty acids in seafood. These long chain fatty acids are considered essential for neurological development in pregnancy and early childhood.

本研究は妊婦の魚摂食が小児の発達に利点を与えるかもしれない理由を調査してないので、研究者はシーフードのオメガ‐３脂肪酸の高濃度によるかもしれないと推測した。これらの長鎖脂肪酸は、妊娠中および幼児期の神経学的発達にとって必須であるとみなされています。。

Omega-3 fatty acids are also present in other foods such as hemp seeds, chia seeds, flax seeds, walnuts, kiwi fruit and eggs from chickens whose diet includes greens and insects.

"Maternal seafood consumption in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood (ALSPAC study): an observational cohort study."

時間の関係で翻訳できるところまでになってます。